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In the
coming years India faces great challenges in development and
its impact on climate. The path of development chosen by the
region, upon which lies the future growth of energy and emission
trajectories, would be greatly influenced by technological
developments, economic cooperation between countries, and
global cooperation in limiting greenhouse gas emissions.
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The climate change problem is basically rooted
in this core aspect of the economic development process. It
is influenced by anthropogenic GHG emissions related to consumption
of resources and production processes and at the same time influences
the productive basis of the economy and general living conditions.
As defined in Article 2 of the UNFCCC, the
need is to focus on the anthropogenic causes for climate change
since climate systems have inherent variations and uncertainties.
Among the most important anthropogenic causes is energy use,
which is dominated by fossil fuels worldwide and India in particular.
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There are several key development issues that are directly
related to climate change impacts, and to adaptation and mitigation
policies. These include economic growth processes including
capital accumulation, investments and technological change,
and factor productivity; natural resource consumption and
environmental impacts; institutional issues; and welfare concepts,
basic human needs, and equity. The challenge
is to further identify and implement integrated development
and climate strategies that address development priorities
and at the same time capture climate benefits. It is
also important to identify promising policy options that can
be part of a transition towards long-term sustainable development
patterns including climate change mitigation and adaptation
policies. This will include facilitation of network formation
between actors capable of promoting such options.
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Partnership between centers of excellence in developing and
industrialized countries to promote cross country discussions
and sharing of experiences about integrated development and
climate change policies would go a long way in meeting the
challenges of sustainable development. Country case studies
would be used as examples on how international cooperation
in sustainable development and climate change policies can
be established.
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